Spectroscopy is a scientific technique that involves the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. It is used to study and analyze the properties of various materials, including gases, liquids, and solids. Spectroscopy provides valuable information about the composition, structure, and behavior of substances by examining the way they interact with different wavelengths of light.

There are several spectroscopic techniques, each focusing on a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum and providing unique insights into the material being analyzed. Here are some commonly used spectroscopic techniques: